Thursday, 9 August 2012

QA - Testing This For A Innovative Software Solutions - Tools And Services For Manual Test Automated Testing

Here a small explanation for Innovative software testing solutions - tools and services for automated and manual testing of application software, Web sites, middleware, and system software.

Manual Testing:
 Manual testing is the process of manually testing software for defects. It requires a tester to play the role of an end user, and use most of all features of the application to ensure correct behavior. To ensure completeness of testing, the tester often follows a written test plan that leads them through a set of important test cases.


Service-Oriented Architecture
In software engineering, a Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) is a set of principles and methodologies for designing and developing software in the form of inter-operable services. These services are well-defined business functionalities that are built as software components (discrete pieces of code and/or data structures) that can be reused for different purposes. SOA design principles are used during the phases of systems development and integration

HP Quick Test Professional software
HP Quick Test Professional software provides functional and regression test automation for software applications and environments.Part of the HP Quality Center tool suite, HP Quick-test Professional can be used for enterprise quality assurance.


For Best Interview questions about BPEL/FAQs


VISIT  http://softwaretestingq.blogspot.in/2012/06/interview-questionsbpel-faqs.html

Friday, 29 June 2012

Interview Questions/BPEL FAQs

What is Soa BPEL ?

Learn advanced BPEL concepts and best practices for development, deployment, and administration from the architects implementing them in real-world applications.


Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) is creating a lot of buzz across the IT industry. Propelled by standards-based technologies like XML, Web Services, and SOAP, SOA is quickly moving from pilot projects to mainstream applications critical to business operations.


One of the key standard accelerating the adoption of SOA is Business Process Execution Language (BPEL) for Web Services. BPEL enables organizations to automate their business processes by orchestrating services. It forces organizations to think in terms of services: Existing functionality is exposed as services. New applications are composed using services. Services are reused across different applications. Services everywhere!


In this cookbook, 10 SOA practitioners share their SOA best practices and provide practical viewpoint to tackle many of the common problems SOA promises to solve. It's organized into three sections: "Service Oriented Integration," "Building Modern Applications," and "SOA Techniques." Sections 1 and 2 will "inspire" you to take the plunge into the world of services and test-drive SOA yourself; Section 3 will "equip" you with best-practice techniques for building a better SOA application.





1)      What is the difference between 10g and 11g?
Ans)          SCA architecture was followed in 11g and not in 10g
In 11g you can put all your project SOA components in composite.xml file and deploy to single server, where in 10g you have to deploy each component to the respective server(i.e ESB to ESB server, BPEL to BPEL Server)
Ans)           
i)        Basically all the SOA components like BPEL, ESB (Called Mediator in 11g), & OWSM are brought into one place in 11g using SCA composite concept.
ii)    The major difference between 10g & 11g would be the app server container. 10g by default runs on OC4J while 11g runs on Weblogic Server.
iii)   In 10g every BPEL is a separate project, but in 11g several components can make 1 project as SCA.
iv)   In 10g consoles are separate for BPEL and ESB, but in 11g Enterprise Manager contains all.
v)    In 10g we have to deploy each project separately, but in 11g we can deploy SCA which contains all.
vi)   In 10g BAM and business rules are outside SOA Suite, but in 11g they are in SOA Suite.

2)      What is the difference between ESB and OSB?
OSB works just as well as ESB with XSL, although I prefer to use JDev to create the XSL.
OSB has support for load balancing across endpoints.
OSB does a much better job of virtualising components such as WSDL, XSL, XSD, making it easy to share them across multiple services.

3)      What is SOA?
Ans)          Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) is used to develop Enterprise applications by using a collection of services which communicates each other. Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) is a set of principles and methodologies for designing and developing software in the form of interoperable services.

4)      Principles of SOA?
Ans)          a. loose coupling
b. Re-usability
c. Interoperability
      d. Flexible

5)      Is Oracle SOA same as Oracle Fusion Middleware?
Ans)          No because SOA is one of  the part in Fusion middleware  and
SOA behaves like user interface where as Fusion is big platform

6)      Explain SOA architecture?

7)      What is SCA?
Ans)          Service Component Architecture (SCA) provides a programming model for building applications and systems based on a Service Oriented Architecture. SCA is a model that aims to encompass a wide range of technologies for service components and for the access methods which are used to connect them. 

8)      What is SOA Governance?
A)           It means that SOA is a Service Oriented Architecture, for building business applications as a set of loosely coupling components integrated with business services. SOA is an open standard and technology based that means open standard is XML based protocol including WSDL and web service based Architecture.  SOA Governance has some activities, components and services…etc.
SOA REGISTRY, SOA POLICY, SOA TESTING

9)      What is Web service?
Ans)           Web services are application components, which are self-contained and self-describing and provide services based on the open protocol communication (i.e SOAP UI, HTTP over the net).

10)  Difference between  BPEL                                 and                  Mediator?
Complex Logic
Less Complex Logic
Good Support language in form of ”activities
Less support
Performance wise very slow
Three times faster than BPEL
Support of Dehydration and Instance Monitoring
) No support of de hydration
For Long Running process BPEL is the  Right Solution
For Long Running process not a proper solution
To implement the contolled Transactions Integration of Rules Engine and Human Workflow
) You can not control the transactions in Mediator
To implement the service virtualization BPEL is not the right approach
Mediator
Mediator is the right approach for the service virtualization

11)  MEDIATOR
Ans)           The Mediator is in charge of interconnecting, within an SOA composite application, components that expose different interfaces. In addition, the Mediator can perform duties such as filtering and making routing decisions.
The composite editor in JDeveloper gives you the flexibility to define the interface now, to choose an existing interface, or to define the interface later as you wire components to the Mediator.
Transforming data from one representation to another is, along with routing, one of the key functions of the Mediator.

12)  Difference between ESB and Mediator?
Ans)          In 10g for routing, separate router need to keep along with ESB for routing and filter expressions
whereas in 11g mediator contains routing rules and filter expressions itself.

13)  Difference between OSB and BPEL?
osb
The large, powerful service bus

Extended functionality important for enterprise-wide Integration, like

Message Throttling , Service Pooling, Reliable Messaging

OSB specific deployment

Not yet integrated with SCA

Development through Eclipse IDE or Web Console

Message Transformation over XQuery and XSLT



14)  What all activities we have in Mediator?
·         Content-Based and Header-Based Routing
·         Synchronous and Asynchronous Interactions
·         Sequential and Parallel Routing of Messages
·         Transformations
·         Validations
·         Java Callout
·         Event Handling
·         Dynamic Routing
·         Error Handling
·         Multiple Part Message Support .Mediator Echo Support
15)  What is the use of Mediator?
Mediator is used for Transformation and Routing.
Routing------------------Static routing and Dynamic Routing
Static----------------Serviced Based & Event Based
Dynamic------------Business Rules

16)  How to configure routing rules in mediator?
17)  What is the purpose of Business Rules?
18)  How to configure rules in Business Rules component?
19)  What is Human Task and how to configure it?
20)  What is the use of OSB?
21)  What is the use of BAM?
22)  How to configure BAM?



23)  What is service virtualization?
Service virtualization provides companies with the ability to create virtual services that offer a stable interface (location, transport, standards, policies, messages) even when the physical service changes.  Virtualization offers high-availability and load-balancing, performance and SLA monitoring and management, routing, versioning, and mediation capabilities to mitigate the impact of change at the provider on service consumers.
Mediator is used for Transformation and Routing.
Routing------------------Static routing and Dynamic Routing
Static----------------Serviced Based & Event Based
Dynamic------------Business Rules

24)  What is the use of WSDL or what is contract in web services?
Ans)          WSDL (Web Services Description Language) is an XML-based language for describing Web services and how to access them.

25)  Elements or parts of WSDL? And describe each of them?
Element  Defines
<types>  The data types used by the web service 
<message>  The messages used by the web service operations.
<portType>  The operations performed by the web service
<binding>  The communication protocols used by the web service
<Service>  Defines the location of the service( specifies End point URL)

26)  Difference between Abstract WSDL and Concrete WSDL?
Ans)          Abstract WSDL specifies the definition of the web service, it does not contain the service element.
Concrete WSDL contains both definition and location of the service. i.e concrete WSDL specifies the end point URL.

27)  What are the operations in WSDL?
28)  Can a WSDL contain multiple bindings?
Yes, in each <binding> element we can specify specific communication protocols.

29)  Diff between BPEL and ESB?
Ans)           
BPEL
ESB
BPEL is Heavy weight product
Light weight product
Its performance is slower
Performance speed is faster
process centric BPEL is right choice
Data centric ESB is right choice.
Very good for orchestration
Only routing transformations are possible.
BPEL has extra features like Business rules, Human Workflow,Notifications.
only ESB available if running on a non-Weblogic server
·         ESB is good for routing messages to multiple destinations. It is also good for doing transformations that have little to no business rules. The footprint is much smaller and incurs minimal overhead therefore the performance is much better.
BPEL is used for bringing together multiple services. There is much more functionality and allows implementation of complex business logic.
·         Exception handling can be done in BPEL.
·         ESB does not have the Sensors which can be used to monitor the activities that can send actions to Business Activity Monitoring (BAM) or database/jms.
·         Primarily BPEL is used for Orchestration, data enrichment and also for Human interaction whereas ESB is used for Store and forward transport of data.
30)  Benefits of ESB?

31)  How to increase performance in BPEL (DB Adapter/file adapter)
Ans)          For getting better performance we use performance tuning.
Performance tuning is based on BPEL LEVEL ,Server level and Application level.
If we put check point in the BPEL process level then the performance of application will decrease or the process of the speed reduces.(check point means it stops the next incoming messages until the timer gets expired.)

32)  When do we use ESB over BPEL?
Ans)          When large amount of data is transformed we use ESB.
Dynamic Transformations can be done by ESB than BPEL
 ESB helps to increase flexibility ,reusability and  over all responsibilities.

33)   How can we make routing in ESB dynamic?
Ans)          ESB provides standard based  data mapper to map the different applications data models.
 In Esb routing service contains transformations , filtering options.
Using this ESB services we can create routings dynamically.
In Esb High transformations & mappings are very high.ESB over view.

34)  Describe about the SOAP?
Ans)          Soap is a simple xml based protocol to exchange the information b/w application over http

35)  What is Structure of SOAP message?
Ans)          Soap can carry the data from source to destination and
it is a simple xml based protocol to exchange the information b/w application over http
SOAP message is an ordinary xml document containing
An envelope element identifies the xml document as a soap message
A header element contains header information
A body element contains call and response information
fault element contains error and status information
The element contains actual soap message intended for the ultimate end point of message 

36)  What is SOAP? Uses of SOAP?
Ans)         SOAP (Simple Object Access protocol) is a communication protocol for exchanging the messages between applications.
Uses:
SOAP is platform independent and language independent
SOAP is based on XML; hence it allows you to get around firewalls
SOAP simple and extensible
Skeleton SOAP Message
<? xml version="1.0"?>
<soap:Envelope
xmlns:soap="http://www.w3.org/2001/12/soap-envelope"
soap:encodingStyle="http://www.w3.org/2001/12/soap-encoding">

<soap:Header>
...
</soap:Header>

<soap:Body>
...
 <soap:Fault>
  ...
 </soap:Fault>
</soap:Body>

</soap:Envelope>

37)  Diff between well formed XML and valid XML?
Ans)         If an XML satisfying all XML syntax rules then it called well formed XML,
if an XML satisfying both XML rules and XSD definitions then it called valid XML. 
All valid XML’s are well formed xml, but all well-formed XML may not be valid XML. 

38)  XML syntax rules?
Ans)          a.  XML Tags are Case Sensitive
b.  All XML Elements Must Have a Closing Tag
c.  XML Elements Must be Properly Nested
d.  XML Documents Must Have a Root Element
e.  XML Attribute Values Must be quoted

39)   What is XSD?
Ans)           XSD (XML Schema definition) is used to define the structure of an XML. An XML Schema:
•  defines elements that can appear in a xml document
•  defines attributes that can appear in a xml document
•  defines the order of parent and child elements
•  defines data types for elements and attributes
•  Defines default and fixed values for elements and attributes.



40)  Explain XML,XSLT,XSD,WSDL,XQUERY ?
i)        XML: Extensible markup language
XML is mainly used for storing the data but not showing the data.
XML is self descriptive language
In XML  own tags can be defined.
XML can be written in 2 types
DTD & XSD
DTD:Data type definition
                This describes the structure of the XML document
XSD:XML Schema defintion
                This XSD (Schema) is in turn divided in to 2 types.
Well Formed XML : Well formed XML (Valid syntax)
Valid XML  : Valid XML (DTD+well formed XML)
XSD: Extensible schema definition
ii)       XSLT: Extensible  markup Language transformations
  In this XSLT we convert one extension to another extension.
iii)      
iv)     WSDL: Web service  description language.
There are two types of wsdl:
Abstract wsdl:which invokes a webservice
Concreate wsdl: where design and deployment is done.
WSDl elements:
Types
Messages
Porttypes
Bindings
Hostname
Partner links
v)      XQUERY:Xquery is otherwiseknown as Xpath which is defined by /

41)  What is NameSpace?
Ans)           XML namespaces provide a simple method for qualifying element and attribute names used in xml, namespace logically creates a separate room for the element and attribute definitions. XML Namespaces provide a method to avoid element name conflicts.

42)  What is Target namespace?
Ans)          A target name space in XSD used to represents all the element and attribute definitions in that current XSD. 

43)  What is a complex type element?
Ans)          if an element contains complex structure like child elements, attributes then it called complex type.

44)  Difference between import and include in namespace?
Ans)          If the importing XSD namespace is equal to the current target namespace then we have to use include keyword, If the importing XSD name space is different from the current XSD target namespace then use IMPORT keyword.
45)  How to specify mandatory and optional elements in XSD? Or how to specify xml element occurrence in XSD?
Ans)          by using keywords minoccures and maxoccures , by default minoccures=1 and maxoccures=1 (i.e all fields are mandatory).

46)  How to specify restrictions in XSD for xml element values?
<xs:restriction base="xs:string">
      <xs:pattern value="[a-z]"/>
</xs:restriction>

<xs:restriction base="xs:string">
      <xs:length value="8"/>
 </xs:restriction>

47)  What is End point URL, or End point location?
Ans)          The full address of the service where it is running called “End Point Location” or “End Point URI”. Ex: http://localhost:8001/soa-infra/ADD

48)  What is UDDI? When we use it?
Ans)          UDDI (Universal Description, Discovery and Integration) is a platform-independent framework for describing services, discovering businesses, and integrating business services by using the Internet.

49)  What are the installation steps you followed to set up your SOA environment?
Ans)          Step1:  Install database
          Step2: Install RCU
          Step3: install JDeveloper (Studio version which comes with inbuild weblogic server)
          Step4: Install SOA platform
          Step5: configure domain     

50)  What is the use of RCU?
Ans)           RCU (Repository Creation Utility) will configure all the required schemas for SOA server in to the specified databse (Ex schema’s: MDS, soa-infra...)